Agroforestry for soil health at landscape level

Expected Outcome: Activities should support the objectives and targets of the Mission Soil and of the common agricultural policy (CAP), the European Green Deal ambitions and targets and more specifically those of the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030 , the EU Soil Strategy for 2030 , the EU Climate action , the EU’s Action Plan on the Development of Organic Production and the proposal for a Soil Monitoring and Resilience Directive . Activities should thereby contribute to meeting the objectives on improving soil management, environmental performance and competitiveness of the Vision for Agriculture and Food . Project results are expected to contribute to all the following expected outcomes: increased adoption of agroforestry at landscape level in the EU and Associated Countries ; enhanced access and uptake of agroecological solutions and practical tools that boost soil health in agroforestry by farmers, foresters, advisors and food chain operators ; business models for agroforestry and soil health that integrate all actors along the value chain, including agritech companies, the food industry, retailers and consumers- are tested and validated; the benefits of agroforestry for environmental (particularly soil), social, and economic sustainability, along with the obstacles to its adoption and the mechanisms to overcome them, are more comprehensively understood and effectively disseminated. Scope: Agroecology practices and agroforestry (a land management practice that integrates trees and shrubs into agricultural landscapes [1] ) are known to improve soil health, conserve water, and provide economic and environmental benefits while promoting highly diverse landscape features, which provide ecosystem services and support farmland biodiversity [2] . The restoration of degraded landscapes using agroforestry can increase the resilience of communities to shocks, including drought and food shortages, and help mitigate climate change. Agroecology and agroforestry also improve farm profitability for farmers, combining economic benefits with environmental sustainability, in line with the Vision for Agriculture and Food. However, its adoption in the EU remains limited largely due to farmers' lack of expertise and financial concerns. Initial costs for establishing agroforestry systems can be high, and financial returns may take longer to realize compared to traditional agricultural practices. Existing business models and traditional farm financing is often not tailored to long-term, diversified systems. A landscape approach can significantly aid in overcoming the barr…